stories of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia

#Stories of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia manual

As a form of primary insomnia as indicated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-V, situational insomnia lasts no more than 1 month ( Ellis et al., 2012). Millions of people are suffering from insomnia even before the COVID-19 outbreak ( Cao et al., 2017), and to make matters worse, COVID-19 has brought new challenges to people who had no previous sleep problems ( Zhang et al., 2020). In the face of the COVID-19 outbreak, sleep has a wide range of physical and mental health benefits, so it becomes more important ( Altena et al., 2020). It is also a key contributing factor to emotional and mental health and helps to relieve stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms ( Salari et al., 2020). Sleep is essential for physical health and effective functioning of the immune system. This may even increase daytime stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms and may also disrupt sleep. In the current situation of global home confinement due to the outbreak of COVID-19, most individuals are facing unprecedented stressful pressures of unknown duration. Countries are in a state of blockade, the economy has stalled, and many people worry about their health and that of their loved ones. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has thrown the world into the mire. The CBTI intervention is not applied to improve pre-sleep cognitive hyperarousal, depression, and anxiety symptoms. The HADS had significant time effects for anxiety and depressive symptoms (all p < 0.001).Ĭonclusion: Our study suggests good efficacy of CBTI on situational insomnia during COVID-19 for adults in the community, as well as on pre-sleep somatic hyperarousal symptom. For the HADS score, a significant group effect was found on the anxiety score ( p = 0.045). For ISI total score, there were significant time effect ( p < 0.001) and group × time effect ( p = 0.024). There was a significant group × time effect of the somatic score ( p = 0.025). Time effect was significant on total score ( p = 0.004) and cognitive score ( p < 0.001). For PSAS score, significant group effects were found on total score ( p = 0.003), somatic score ( p = 0.014), and cognitive score ( p = 0.009). Results: One hundred and ninety-four individuals with situational insomnia were included. The Pre-sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were measured before and after the intervention and compared between individuals who completed the intervention and those who did not. A 1-week Internet CBTI intervention was performed for all individuals with situational insomnia.

Methods: Participants were recruited from March to April in 2020 in Guangzhou, China. We explored the efficacy of self-guided online cognitive behavioral treatment for insomnia (CBTI) on situational insomnia during the COVID-19 outbreak. Objective: In the current global home confinement due to COVID-19, most individuals are facing unprecedented stress which can induce situational insomnia. 3Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Affliated School of Medicine of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.2Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China.

1Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Chenxi Zhang 1,2 Lulu Yang 1,2 Shuai Liu 1,2 Yan Xu 1,2 Huirong Zheng 3 Bin Zhang 1,2 *

Stories of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia